People v. Ward.

No. 26PDJ24. 6/29/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Morrow II.

No. 25PDJ37. 5/20/2026. Opinion Imposing Sanctions.

People v. Keiffer.

No. 26PDJ22. 6/29/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Barnacle.

No. 26PDJ17. 7/9/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Fonseca Jr.

2026 COA 63. No. 24CA0007. Domestic Violence—Intimate Relationship—Bodily Injury—Sufficiency of Evidence—Prosecutorial Misconduct.

Judicial Department Forms—August 2026

United States v. Threatt.

No. 24-6262. 7/21/2026. W.D.Okla. Judge Carson. US Sentencing Guidelines—Fed. R. Crim. P. 32(i)(1)(A)—Court’s Duty to Verify Review of Presentence Investigation Report—Prejudice—Harmless Error.

United States v. Smith.

No. 25-7019. 7/20/2026. E.D.Okla. Judge McHugh. Sexual Assault—Falsifying a Record With Intent to Impede or Influence a Federal Investigation—Manual Deactivation of Dashcam and Bodycam—Motion for Continuance—US Sentencing Guidelines Factors—Substantive Reasonableness of Sentence.

Wilson v. Stoltenberg.

No. 25-3139. 7/17/2026. D.Kan. Judge Rossman. Student-on-Student Racial Harassment—Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Claim—Qualified Immunity—Clearly Established Law—Particularized Allegations.

Sharpe-Miller v. Walmart, Inc.

No. 24-2055. 7/13/2026. D.N.M. Judge Holmes. Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation—Civil Rights Act—New Mexico Civil Rights Act—Disparate Treatment—Retaliation—Hostile Work Environment—Constructive Discharge.

Colorado Montana Wyoming State Area Conference of the NAACP v. Smith.

Nos. 24-1328 & 25-1111. D.Colo. Judge Federico. Voting Rights Act—Ku Klux Klan Act—Voter Canvassing—Election Fraud—Organizational Standing—Meaning of “Person”—Video Evidence—Dismissal of Party.

United States v. Lynn.

No. 25-5027. 6/30/2026. N.D.Okla. Judge Kelly. Crimes in Indian Country—Tribal Membership—Business Records—Double Hearsay—Jury Instructions—Imperfect Self-Defense.

Verheggen v. Adams County Department of Human Services.

Colorado Equal Pay for Equal Work Act—Colorado Anti-Discrimination Act—Discriminatory or Unfair Employment Practices—Wages—Causal Link Between Protected Activity and Employer Action.

Myrick v. Colorado Energy and Carbon Management Commission.

2026 COA 61. No. 25CA0686. Oil and Gas Leases—Energy and Carbon Management Act—Pooling Interests—Overriding Royalty Interests.

Bankers Insurance Co. v. Conway.

2026 COA 60. No. 25CA0631. Insurance Regulation—Acts of Producers—Unfair Business Practices—Unfair Competition and Deceptive Practices.

Disciplinary Case Summaries for Matters Resulting in Diversion and Private Admonition

February 1, 2026, through April 30, 2026

People v. Israel.

No. 26PDJ19. 6/4/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Berg.

No. 26PDJ23. 6/22/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Baumberger. 

No. 25PDJ67. 6/11/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

Dreifus v. Glenarm Dining Services, Inc.

2026 COA 59. No. 25CA1446. Colorado Uniform Arbitration Act—Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act of 2021—Claims Related to Sexual Harassment—Motion to Dismiss.

Elk Creek Ranch Owners Ass’n v. Elk Creek Ranch Development, Inc.

2026 COA 58. No. 25CA0943. Court of Appeals Jurisdiction—Final Appealable Order—Attorney Fees—Multiple Parties.

Bechtholdt v. Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.

2026 COA 57. No. 25CA0227. Real Property—Quiet Title—Judgment Upon Multiple Claims or Involving Multiple Parties—CRCP 54(b).

Aragon v. Industrial Claim Appeals Office.

2026 COA 56. No. 25CA1303. Workers’ Compensation—Notices and Procedures—Petitions to Review—Failure to Enter Order Within 60 Days.

People v. Ahmed.

2026 COA 55. No. 24CA1772. Discovery and Pretrial Procedure—Crim. P. 16—Disclosure to Defense—Prosecutor’s Obligations—Failure to Comply—Sanctions.

Judicial Department Forms—July 2026

People v. Ceus.

2026 CO 59. No. 24SC508. Child Abuse Resulting in Death—Instructional Error—Constitutional Harmless Error—Sufficiency of Evidence—“Results In”—"But for” Causation—Proximate Cause—CRS § 18-6-401(1)(a)—CRS § 18-6-401(7)(a)—People v. Dunaway—People v. Beverly.

In re Title, Ballot Title, and Submission Clause for Proposed Initiatives 2025–2026 Nos. 241, 242, 328.

2026 CO 58. Nos. 26SA122, 26SA123, & 26SA157. Proposed Ballot Title Initiatives—Single Subject Requirement.

In re Title, Ballot Title, and Submission Clause for Proposed Initiatives 2025–2026 Nos. 240, 327.

2026 CO 57. Nos. 26SA126 & 26SA153. Single Subject.

Unite for Colorado v. Colorado Department of State.

2026 CO 56. No. 24SC281. Campaign Finance—Constitutional Law—Issue Committees.

City of Grand Junction v. Nicola.

2026 CO 55. No. 23SC932. Survival Claim—Statute of Limitations—Person Under Disability—Legal Representative.

United States v. Milliron.

No. 23-1217. 6/23/2026. D.Colo. Judge Phillips. Grand Jury Testimony—Perjury—Accessory After the Fact—Obstruction of Justice—Sufficiency of Evidence—Materiality—Double Jeopardy.

Estate of Ward v. Lucero.

No. 25-1224. 6/10/2026. D.Colo. Judge Rossman. Fourth Amendment—Qualified Immunity—Interlocutory Jurisdiction—Blatant-Contradiction Exception to Jurisdictional Limitation—Summary Judgment—Analytical Framework.

United States v. Smith.

Nos. 24-5088 & 24-5096. 6/9/2026. N.D.Okla. Judge Rossman. Child Abuse—Child Neglect—Indian and Non-Indian Defendants—Indian Child—Assimilative Crimes Act—General Crimes Act—US Sentencing Guidelines.

Jefferson v. Moore.

No. 25-3020. 6/8/2026. D.Kan. Judge Hartz. Interlocutory Appeals—Collateral Order Doctrine—Subject Matter Jurisdiction.

New Mexico Trappers Ass’n. v. Torrez.

No. 25-2117. 6/8/2026. D.N.M. Judge Kelly. Trapping Ban—Establishment Clause—Equal Protection Clause—New Mexico Civil Rights Act—Standing—Ripeness—Redressability—Severability Clause—Supplemental Jurisdiction.

United States v. Ulibarri.

No. 25-1281. 5/27/2026. D.Colo. Judge Kelly. Tax Evasion—US Sentencing Guidelines—Sophisticated Means Enhancement—Common Scheme—Procedural Reasonableness—Substantive Reasonableness.

Wright v. Goldstein.

2026 COA 54. No. 25CA0855. Court Procedure—Colorado Uniform Arbitration Act—Vacating Award—Agreement to Arbitrate—Arbitrability of Claims—Arbitrator’s Jurisdiction.

People v. Crow.

2026 COA 53. No. 24CA1559. At-Risk Adults—Third Degree Assault—Unable to Breathe Without Mechanical Assistance—Reasonable Doubt Jury Instruction.

People v. Schmidt.

2026 COA 52. No. 24CA1102. Forgery—Attempt to Influence a Public Servant—Sufficiency of Evidence—Character for Truthfulness.

In re Arrowhead Colorado Metropolitan District v. Roxborough Park Foundation.

2026 CO 54. No. 26SA15. Eminent Domain Proceedings—Condemnation Hearings—Civil Procedure.

People v. Gerle.

2026 CO 53. No. 24SC542. Rules of Evidence—Rape Shield Statute—Relevance.

Veolia Water Technologies, Inc. v. Antero Treatment LLC.

2026 CO 52. No. 25SC21. Economic Loss Rule—Interrelated Contracts—Fraudulent Inducement.

Brown v. People.

2026 CO 51. No. 24SC492. Criminal Law and Procedure—Strict Liability—Habitual Offender.

J.B. v. MKBS, LLC.

026 CO 50. No. 24SC747. Default Judgment—Setting Aside Default Judgment—Inconsistent Judgments.

People v. Castro-Velasquez.

2026 CO 49. No. 24SC533. Fourth Amendment—Search and Seizure—Nontestimonial Identification Evidence.

People v. Jebe.

2026 CO 48. No. 25SC53. Appeal Timeliness—Motions to Reconsider—Tolling Effect.

People v. Simms.

2026 COA 51. No. 24CA0166. Menacing by Use of Firearm, Knife, or Bludgeon—Fist—Model Jury Instructions—Burden of Proof—Reasonable Doubt—Jury Question—Restitution Award.

Judicial Department Forms—June 2026

Kavanaugh v. Telluride Locals Coalition Petitioners’ Committee.

2026 CO 47. No. 24SC522. Planned Unit Development Act of 1972—Election Law—Initiative and Referendum.

Moreno v. Circle K Stores, Inc.

2026 CO 46. No. 25SA134. Wrongful Termination—Public-Policy Exception—Employment Law.

People v. Roberts.

2026 CO 45. No. 25SA362. Postconviction Motions—Court-Appointed Counsel—Supplementation of Claims.

People v. Taylor.

2026 COA 50. No. 25CA2151. Serious Bodily Injury—Substantial Risk of Protracted Loss or Impairment—CRS § 18-1-901(3)(p).

Nunn v. Nestor.

2026 COA 49. No. 25CA0886. Civil Procedure—Special Verdict—General Verdict Accompanied by Answer to Interrogatories—Jury Instructions—Rebuttal Testimony.

Pinto v. United Services Automobile Ass’n.

2026 CO 44. No. 26SA29. Insurance—Evidence—Scope of Discovery.

In re People in Interest of G.D.M.

2026 CO 43. No. 26SA91. Safe Haven Law—Dependency and Neglect—Abandonment—CRS § 19-3-304.5—Parent’s Right to Anonymity and Confidentiality.

In re People v. Mena.

2026 CO 42. No. 25SA303. Double Jeopardy—Partial Verdicts—Verdict Forms—Lesser-Included Offenses.

People v. Rodriguez-Nunez.

2026 COA 48. No. 25CA2183. Murder in the First Degree—Release on Bail—Setting and Selection of Type of Bond—Types of Bond Set by Court—Colorado Constitution—Right to Bail—Proof Evident Exception.

People in Interest of C.N.T.

2026 COA 47. No. 25CA1563. Juvenile Court—Dependency and Neglect—Termination of the Parent-Child Legal Relationship—Guardian ad Litem—Standing.

Reno v. Continuum at Sharmar, Inc.

2026 COA 46. No. 25CA0491. Reno v. Continuum at Sharmar, Inc. Health Care Availability Act—Arbitration Agreements—Principal-Agent Relationship—Medical Durable Power of Attorney—Actual Authority—Apparent Authority.

People v. Coulier.

2026 COA 45. No. 24CA1716. Impersonating a Police Officer—Definition of “an Act.”

People v. Cooper.

2026 COA 44. No. 24CA1002. Commencement of Criminal Action—Attorney General’s Powers and Duties—Executive Order Directing Investigation and Prosecution—Special Prosecutor Statute—Special Relationships Statute—Traverse—Jury Instructions—Standard of Care—Criminally Negligent Homicide.

People v. Cichuniec.

2026 COA 43. No. 24CA0675. Commencement of Criminal Action—Attorney General’s Powers and Duties—Executive Order Directing Investigation and Prosecution—Special Prosecutor Statute—Special Relationships Statute—Traverse—Jury Instructions—Standard of Care—Criminally Negligent Homicide—Parties to Offenses—Complicity—Liability Based on Behavior of Another.

People v. Baker.

2026 CO 41. No. 25SA344. Evidence Suppression—Fourth Amendment—Unreasonable Search.

Progressive Direct Insurance Co. v. Ortiz.

2026 CO 40. No. 24SC440. Uninsured Motorist (UM) Coverage—CRS § 10-4-609—UM Insurer Participation in Tort Litigation Between Uninsured and Insured Motorists—State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Brekke.

In re People v. Lawrence.

2026 CO 39. No. 26SA25. Statutory Interpretation—Equal Protection—Transfer of Custody When Defendant Turns 18.

People in Interest of T.J.W.

2026 CO 38. No. 25SA245. Fourth Amendment—School Search—Anonymous Tips—Reasonable Suspicion.

Gottorff v. Executive. Director of Colorado Department of Corrections.

2026 CO 37. Nos. 24SA315 & 25SA256. Habeas Corpus—Filing Fee Waiver—Inmate Lawsuits.

People v. Waipa.

No. 25PDJ15. 4/9/2026. Amended Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Moore.

No. 25PDJ9. 4/1/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Martin.

No. 26PDJ6. 4/2/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Bain.

No. 26PDJ12. 4/2/2026. Stipulation to Discipline.

People v. Eddings.

No. 25PDJ28. People v. Eddings. 4/14/2026. Opinion Imposing Sanctions.

Wright v. Portfolio Recovery Associates, LLC.

2026 CO 36. No. 24SC585. Debt Collection—Statutory Interpretation—Colorado Fair Debt Collection Practices Act.

In re Marriage of Dale.

2026 CO 35. No. 25SC220. Motion to Modify Parenting Time—Motion to Restrict Parenting Time—Best Interests of the Child Standard—Child Endanger/Impair Standard—CRS § 14-10-129—In re Marriage of West.

Sandoval v. City of Colorado Springs.

2026 CO 34. No. 24SC778. Colorado Governmental Immunity Act—Waiver—Conflicting Directions.

People v. Abdul-Rahman.

2026 CO 33. No. 24SC774. Statutory Interpretation—Administrative Exhaustion of Remedies—Parole Revocation Appeals.

United States v. Crow.

No. 24-1377. 5/19/2026. D.Colo. Judge Bacharach. Expert Testimony— Pretrial Notice of the Government’s Rebuttal Evidence—Fed. R. Crim. P. 16(a)(1)(G)(i).

Young v. Colorado Department of Corrections.

No. 25-1068. 5/11/2026. D.Colo. Judge Bacharach. Employment Training—Hostile Work Environment—Dismissal With Prejudice.

United States v. McCarthy.

No. 25-5026. 5/6/2026. N.D.Okla. Judge Hartz. Controlled Substances Act—Sale of Unprocessed Poppy Seeds—Distribution and Possession of Drug Precursors—Dismissal of Charges.

United States v. Bycroft.

No. 24-7069. 5/5/2026. E.D.Okla. Judge Ebel. Producing Child Pornography—Videos—Other Acts Evidence—Fed. R. Civ. P. 404(b)—Relevance—Proper Purpose.

Rider v. Oxy USA, Inc.

No. 25-3142. 5/5/2026. D.Kan. Judge Kelly. Class Action—Denial of Class Certification—Fed. R. Civ. P. 23 Requirements.

Smith v. Albany County School District No. 1 Board of Trustees.

No. 25-8039. 5/4/2026. D.Wyo. Judge Tymkovich. COVID-19 Mask Mandate for Students—Noncompliance With Mandate—First Amendment—Fourteenth Amendment—Retaliation.

Brooks v. City and County of Denver.

2026 COA 42. No. 25CA0987. Colorado Constitution—Due Process—Civil Action for Deprivation of Rights—Peace Officers—Jail Suicide—Unreasonable Seizure—Wrongful Death—Remedies.

People v. J.P.

2026 COA 41. No. 24CA2067. Sealing Criminal Justice Records Other Than Convictions—Acquittals—Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity.

People v. Marceleno.

2026 COA 40. No. 24CA1169. Sentencing—Assessment of Restitution—Non-Felony Conviction Under CRS Title 42.

People v. Ambrose.

2026 COA 39. No. 25CA2319. Aggravated Robbery—CRS § 18-4-302(1)(d)—“Then and There So Armed.”

Bank of Colorado v. Lebsock.

2026 COA 38. No. 24CA2217. Bankruptcy—Trusts—Rights of Beneficiary’s Creditor or Assignee—Spendthrift Provisions—Final Judgment on the Merits—Issue Preclusion—Claim Preclusion—State Replevin Action.

Judicial Discipline Rule-Making Committee

Notice of Rulemaking: Colorado Rules of Judicial Discipline

Boe v. Children’s Hospital Colorado.

2026 CO 32. No. 26SA66. Preliminary Injunction—Colorado Anti-Discrimination Act—Public Interest—Balance of the Equities—Gender Identity.

Hupke v. People.

2026 CO 31. No. 24SC513. Statutory Construction—Attempt to Influence a Public Servant.

Feet Forward—Peer Supported Services and Outreach v. City of Boulder.

2026 COA 37. No. 25CA0110. Municipal Law—Camping and Tent Bans—Colorado Constitution—Excessive Bail, Fines, or Punishment—Inalienable Rights—Due Process—US Constitution—Eighth Amendment—Fourteenth Amendment—Dismissal for Failure to State a Claim.

People v. Dominguez.

2026 CO 30. No. 24SC319. Equal Protection Doctrine—Multiple Convictions—Culpable Mental State.

People v. Medina.

2026 COA 36. No. 24CA2021. Postconviction Remedies—Punishment for Habitual Criminals—Uniform Mandatory Disposition of Detainers Act—Law of the Case Doctrine—New Constitutional Rule.

In re Marriage of Lundin.

2026 COA 35. No. 24CA0264. Common Law Marriage—Assessment of Marital Relationship—Totality of the Circumstances—Affidavit.

Northern Integrated Supply Project Water Activity Enterprise v. VIMA Partners, LLC.

2026 CO 29. No. 25SA305. Eminent Domain—Water Activity—Statutory Interpretation.

In re People v. Bell.

2026 CO 28. No. 25SA254. Discovery—Postconviction Proceedings—Due Process—CCJRA.

People v. Schneider.

2026 CO 27. No. 26SA55. Jurisdiction—Interlocutory Appeal—CRS § 16-12-102(2)—C.A.R. 4.1.

Carroll Partners LLC v. Board of Commissioners.

2026 COA 34. No. 25CA0186. Local Government Regulation of Land Use—Local Government Land Use Control Enabling Act of 1974—Impact Fees.

Rigato v. Executive Director of Colorado Department of Corrections.

2026 COA 33. No. 24CA1860. Civil Procedure—Time Computation—Correctional Facility Quasi-Judicial Hearing Review.

People v. Papol.

2026 COA 32. No. 24CA1349. Juvenile Court—Direct Filing in District Court—Postconviction Proceedings—Statutory Amendments—Procedural Versus Jurisdictional.